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官网参考地址：https://ci.apache.org/projects/flink/flink-docs-release-1.2/dev/batch/index.html#broadcast-variables

广播的定义：

Broadcast variables allow you to make a data set available to all parallel instances of an operation, in addition to the regular(常规) input of the operation. This is useful for auxiliary(辅助的) data sets, or data-dependent parameterization. The data set will then be accessible at the operator as a Collection.

• Broadcast: broadcast sets are registered by name via withBroadcastSet(DataSet, String)

• Access: accessible via getRuntimeContext().getBroadcastVariable(String) at the target operator.

package com.daxinimport org.apache.flink.api.common.functions.RichMapFunctionimport org.apache.flink.api.scala._import org.apache.flink.api.scala.extensions._import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configurationimport scala.collection.JavaConverters._  //asScala需要使用隐式转换/**  * Created by Daxin on 2017/4/16.  */object Broadcast {  def main(args: Array[String]) {    val env = ExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment    val toBroadcast = env.fromElements(1, 2, 3)    val data = env.fromElements("1", "2", "5")    /**      * 如下是RichMapFunction的注释：      * Rich variant of the MapFunction. As a RichFunction, it gives access to      * the RuntimeContext and provides setup and teardown methods:      * RichFunction.open(org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration) and RichFunction.close().      * 
RichMapFunction是MapFunction的变体，RichFunction可以访问运行时上下文（RuntimeContext）      * 并提供开启和关闭方法      * 
      */    val result = data.map(new RichMapFunction[String, String]() {      var broadcastSet: Traversable[Integer] = null      override def open(config: Configuration): Unit = {        // 3. Access the broadcasted DataSet as a Collection        broadcastSet = getRuntimeContext().getBroadcastVariable[Integer]("broadcastSetName").asScala      }      def map(in: String): String = {        //...        if (broadcastSet.toList.contains(in.toInt))          in //随便简单返回字符串        else          in + "  " + broadcastSet.toList.size + "   " + broadcastSet.toList.contains(in) + "   " + broadcastSet.toList(0).getClass //随便简单返回      }    }).withBroadcastSet(toBroadcast, "broadcastSetName") // 2. Broadcast the DataSet       result.print()  }}

由于广播的获取是根据名字的，所以需要注册和获取时候名字一致！关于广播完整实例可以参考：

注意：

   由于广播变量保存在集群的每一个节点的内存中，因此广播变量不应该太大，对于简单的变量像标量值，可以使该变量或者参数成为函数闭包的一部分，或者使用org.apache.flink.api.scala.DataSet#withParameters方法通过Config传递。

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